{"id":2911,"date":"2022-06-04T15:27:24","date_gmt":"2022-06-04T07:27:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/?p=2911"},"modified":"2022-11-20T10:47:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-20T02:47:00","slug":"tls-%e7%9a%84%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/?p=2911","title":{"rendered":"\u7b80\u5355\u89e3\u91ca TLS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/matthew-bornhorst-2AUO9nQ-YTQ-unsplash.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3028\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u7ec4\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a5\u529b\uff0c\u9010\u8df3\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u8df3\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u8868\u67e5\u627e\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3 IP\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u636e ARP \u534f\u8bae\u5c06\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a mac \u5730\u5740\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9645\u6295\u9012\uff0c\u5728\u6295\u9012\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u4ecb\u8d28\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fc7\u6ee4\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u63a5\u6536\u5339\u914d\u672c\u7f51\u5361 mac \u5730\u5740\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u6765\u8425\u9020\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9a\u70b9\u6295\u9012\u7684\u5047\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u6cbf\u7740 OSI \u6a21\u578b\u5411\u4e0a\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u62b5\u8fbe\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6233\u7834\u8fd9\u79cd\u5047\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5728\u6293\u5305\u65f6\u5f00\u542f\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u6df7\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u6293\u53d6\u5230\u7f51\u5361\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7684\u7269\u7406\u94fe\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u62a5\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u2014\u2014\u538b\u6839\u4e0d\u7528 hack \u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7535\u8111\u90fd\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u5f00\u542f\u7f51\u5361\u6df7\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6293\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7535\u8111\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u6ca1\u6709\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u79d8\u5bc6\u90fd\u5c06\u4e00\u89c8\u65e0\u9057\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u62a5\u6587\u4ece\u672c\u673a\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e8c\u5c42\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u8fd8\u4e0d\u7b97\u5b8c\uff0cDHCP\u3001DNS\u3001BGP\u3001HTTP\uff0c\u751a\u81f3 IP \u5730\u5740\u914d\u7f6e\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u673a\u5236\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u7684\u758f\u6f0f\u2014\u2014\u60f3\u60f3 AWS \u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u56e0\u4e3a BGP \u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0b\u7ebf\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\u8457\u540d DNS \u6c61\u67d3\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u4efb\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u6076\u610f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f97\u76f8\u5f53\u7b80\u6d01\u4f18\u96c5\u3002\u968f\u7740 Internet \u53d6\u5f97\u8d85\u4e4e\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u7684\u5355\u7eaf\u5f00\u59cb\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u5408\u65f6\u5b9c\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u53ef\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6d41\u6c13\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u7b80\u76f4\u6f0f\u6210\u4e86\u7b5b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u666e\u53ca TLS\/SSL \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c42\u5e94\u7528\u90fd\u662f\u5404\u81ea\u4e3a\u6218\uff0c\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u538b\u6839\u5c31\u4e0d\u8bbe\u9632\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u627e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5ec9\u4ef7\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u641e\u51fa\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u51fa\u591a\u5c11\u6210\u672c\u7406\u5e94\u5f97\u5230\u591a\u5c11\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u5f00\u7740\u98de\u673a\u6362\u7fc5\u8180\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u68d8\u624b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4e4b\u4e0a\u53c8\u690d\u5165\u4e00\u5c42\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 <a href=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/html\/rfc5246\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/html\/rfc5246\">TLS<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/html\/rfc6101\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/html\/rfc6101\">SSL<\/a> \u6765\u52a0\u5bc6\u8981\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u76ee\u524d SSL \u5bb6\u65cf\u53ea\u5269 3.0\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u653e\u5f03\u3002\u800c TLS 1.0 \u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f SSL 3.1 \u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u91cc\u53c8\u7275\u626f\u5230\u5f53\u5e74\u5fae\u8f6f\u548c Netscape \u5173\u4e8e Web \u7edf\u6cbb\u6743\u7684\u4e89\u6597\u3002\u5728\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u5c06\u6765\uff0cSSL \u5c06\u9000\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u821e\u53f0\uff0cTLS \u5219\u7ee7\u7eed\u524d\u8fdb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684 HTTP \u5982\u679c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e TLS\/SSL \u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u53eb HTTPS\uff08http over tls\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TLS\/SSL \u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u89e3\u5bc6\uff08\u548c\u6700\u8fd1\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6539\u9020\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff09\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 pki \u4f53\u7cfb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u6765\u534f\u5546\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TLS \u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b 4 \u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u5b50\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u63e1\u624b\u534f\u8bae\uff08handshake protocol\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bc6\u94a5\u89c4\u683c\u53d8\u66f4\u534f\u8bae\uff08change cipher spec protocol\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e\u534f\u8bae\uff08application data protocol\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8b66\u62a5\u534f\u8bae\uff08alert protocol\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5173\u952e\u7684\u63e1\u624b\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u63e1\u624b\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Client\uff1aClientHello<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Server\uff1aServerHello\u3001Certificate*\u3001ServerKeyExchange*\u3001ServerHelloDone<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Client\uff1aClientKeyExchange<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2684\" height=\"974\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2917\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u63e1\u624b\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u4e24\u5c42\uff1a\u9760\u8fd1 tcp \u5c42\u7684\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff08record protocol\uff09\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c42\u662f\u63e1\u624b\u534f\u8bae\uff08handshake protocol\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1698\" height=\"412\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2987\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u63e1\u624b\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\uff1a\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u5bc6\u94a5\u534f\u5546\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001<strong>\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Server Certificate \u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5c06\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002\u82e5\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5219\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001 Certificate Request \u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u7531\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fd4\u56de Certificate\u3001Certificate Verify \u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2084\" height=\"552\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2993\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001<strong>\u5bc6\u94a5\u534f\u5546<\/strong>\u3002\u5bc6\u94a5\u534f\u5546\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u751f\u6210\u9884\u4e3b\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u5bc6\u94a5\u534f\u5546\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aRSA\u3001DH\uff08Diffie-Hellman\uff09\u3001ECDH\uff08elliptic curve DH\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RSA \u534f\u5546\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u9884\u4e3b\u5bc6\u94a5\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u751f\u6210\u768446\u5b57\u8282\u968f\u673a\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728 Server Certificate \u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u9884\u4e3b\u5bc6\u94a5\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5192\u5145\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DH \u548c ECDH \u5219\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u9884\u4e3b\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4ea4\u6362\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5404\u81ea\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u9884\u4e3b\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9884\u4e3b\u5bc6\u94a5\uff08pre_master_secret\uff09\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u51fd\u6570\uff08PRF\uff09\u5904\u7406\u540e\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e3b\u5bc6\u94a5\uff08master_secret\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>master_secret = PRF( pre_master_secret, \"master secret\", ClientHello.random, ServerHello.random )<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u300aHTTPS\u6743\u5a01\u6307\u5357\u300b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f53\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u7ec4\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a5\u529b\uff0c\u9010\u8df3\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u8df3\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u8868\u67e5\u627e\u4e0b\u4e00 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[68,74,75],"class_list":["post-2911","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-code","tag-https","tag-ssl","tag-tls"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2911","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2911"}],"version-history":[{"count":112,"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2911\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5895,"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2911\/revisions\/5895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2911"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2911"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chenqing.work\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}